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Benzocaine: Benzocaine is a unique agent that can be found in a wide variety of common products. Its scientific formula is C9H11NO2, which sounds complex but actually helps illustrate what the chemical is composed of. Benzocaine is a white crystalline solid that dissolves in water and organic solvents. Due to its unique properties, benzocaine is commonly used to numb pain. It’s in lots of over-the-counter medicines, meaning you can buy them without a doctor’s prescription. It appears often in throat lozenges, or candies that can help relieve a sore throat.
Benzocaine's structure is very unique and despite its structural novelty, it does crossover really well. An important part of it is its special shape, part of which is called a benzene ring. This ring is important, as it throws benzocaine into action. We have an aromatic ring structure, and an ether group. This group includes a carbonyl group (C=O) wherein a carbon atom has a double bond with an oxygen atom. This is bonded to an oxygen and a string of carbon atoms which makes up part of the structure of benzocaine. There is also a portion known as an amine group. It has the nitrogen atom which is bonded to two carbon atoms, the ethyl group. These two carbon atoms are also connected to two smaller groups called methyl groups. All these parts join together to form benzocaine’s unique structure.
Its use in numbing pain means that it is used in many different ways. It is in medicines that you can buy without a prescription, so it's widely available. It’s also present in throat lozenges, soothing sore throats when you’re not feeling well. However, benzocaine is not exclusive to medicine; it has some other uses! So for instance, in the food industry, they may use benzocaine to add a flavor to a product like chewing gum or candy or baked goods and they use it to make those products taste better. You may not realize it, but it’s also in some skin creams. Because these creams numb the area, they also provide relief from discomfort associated with minor skin irritations.
You really should take care when using benzocaine, and follow safety guidelines. As with many chemicals, benzocaine can lead to some irritation. If you are careless it can irritate your eyes, skin, and even your respiratory system. For safety, do use appropriate safety equipment like gloves and goggles to keep the chemicals out of your eyes and skin. Also be sure to not inhale fumes that may be released by benzocaine. Breathing in too much of it too quickly might lead to a headache or stomach upset, he said. (Always be careful when you are using benzocaine for your safety and well-being)
Benzocaine is synthesized, a specific chemical process. During this process, there is a reaction of two substances: 4-aminobenzoic acid and ethyl 4-(dimethylamino) benzoate. A strong acid is needed to make this reaction happen. The reaction between these two chemicals would yield benzocaine and water. Once the reaction has taken place, it is time to clean up the benzocaine that is (hopefully) produced and they need to ensure it is clean and fits for a purpose. This is known as recrystallization the cleaning process removes any impurities and guarantees you receive a genuine product of the highest quality.